It turned out that the moons of Jupiter can warm each other

“This is surprising because the moons are much smaller than Jupiter. It's surprising that they can create such

"a big tidal reaction," explainsThe paper's lead author is Hamish Hay, a postdoctoral fellow at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, who conducted the research while a graduate student in the lab at the University of Arizona.

Understanding how the moons affect each other,important. Ultimately, this may shed light on the evolution of the lunar system as a whole. Jupiter has about 80 moons, the four largest of which are Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto.

“Protecting underground oceans from freezing duringrequires a delicate balance between internal heating and heat loss for a long time. And yet we have some evidence that Europa, Ganymede, Callisto and other moons must be ocean worlds, ”said co-author Anthony Trinh, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Arizona lab. “Io, the moon closest to Jupiter, exhibits widespread volcanic activity, another consequence of tidal heating. But with a higher intensity, like the Earth in its early history. Ultimately we want to understand the source of all this heat and its influence on the evolution and habitability of many worlds in the solar system and beyond. "

According to the researchers' model, the influence of Jupiterby itself cannot create tides of heating with the desired frequency, because the oceans of the moons are too massive. It wasn't until the researchers added the gravitational influence of other satellites that they began to notice tidal forces approaching the natural frequencies of the moons.

When the tides created by other objects inJupiter's lunar system corresponds to the natural resonance frequency of each moon, it begins to heat up more than because of the tides raised by Jupiter alone, and in the most extreme cases this can lead to ice melting or fractures inside.

Scientists hope that future research will be able to determine the true depth of the oceans within these moons.

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