In a new study, scientists from the Geological Society of America compared historical carbon data in
The team examined the leaf stomata - tinythe pores that deciduous plants use to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. In a low-carbon environment, plants increase stomatal density so they can take up enough carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, but in carbon-rich environments they require fewer stomata.
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The stomata also regulate the degree of transpiration -the process by which plants absorb water and release water vapor; the fewer there are, the lower the transpiration potential. In the studied leaf samples, scientists observed a general decrease in stomatal density. In their opinion, this figure has decreased by 29% over the past 260 years.
The authors note that this decline is directlyinfluenced the devastating floods that are increasingly common in the United States. They are confident that less absorbed moisture affects the level of rivers due to increased water runoff.
“Carbon rises are not always accounted forin flood forecasting and risk analysis, the researchers noted. "We hope that our work will help show the danger that climate change and the associated flooding pose to agricultural communities across the United States."
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