Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a method for creating ultra-lightweight, waste-free concrete.
Traditional approaches to concrete 3D printing or 3DCPaimed at digitizing construction and reducing concrete consumption. But they have geometric limitations that only allow printing for simple structures such as orthogonal walls. Engineers used computational design and robotic 3D printing technology that effectively combines topology optimization with concrete printing.
Printing complex concrete structures. Video: University of Michigan
Topology optimization is a technique thatcreates the most efficient material distribution based on performance criteria such as strength or weight for a given set of supports. The researchers created a computational model that combines non-planar and variable material deposition based on the shape and geometry of the topology-optimized parts. This allows the material to be used efficiently, placing it exactly where it is needed for structural purposes.
The researchers explain that the new approach"eliminates unnecessary overbuilding with excess materials." This allows you to create better and more environmentally friendly designs at a lower cost. They note that 3D printing has already found use on construction sites, the new approach will expand the possibilities for using this technology.
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On the cover: a complex structure printed from concrete. Image: DART lab, University of Michigan