Researchers have created the largest map in history of dark matter - the invisible material that is...
Dark Energy Survey (DES) Research Teamused artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze images of 100 million galaxies, studying their shape for stretching. The new map is an image of all the matter found in the foreground of the observed galaxies and covers a quarter of the sky in the southern hemisphere.
“On our map, where mainlydark matter, we see the same picture as when observing only visible matter - a cobweb-like structure with dense clusters of matter separated by large empty voids, the researchers noted. "Observing these cosmic-scale structures can help us answer fundamental questions about the universe."
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For decades, astronomers have suspectedthat there is more matter in the universe than we can observe. Dark matter, like dark energy, remains a mystery, but its existence can be judged by the fact that galaxies behave in unpredictable ways. For example, this is evidenced by the fact that galaxies stick together, and galaxies within clusters are moving faster than expected.
“Visible galaxies form in the densestareas of dark matter. When we look at the night sky, we see the light of the galaxy, but not the surrounding dark matter, as if we were looking at the lights of a night city. By calculating how gravity distorts light, a technique known as gravitational lensing, we get a complete picture of both visible and invisible matter, "the scientists noted.
Researchers concluded that matterdistributed throughout the universe in such a way that it is consistent with the predictions of the standard cosmological model (ΛCDM), the best modern model of the universe. But the researchers also found signs that the universe could be several percent smoother than predicted.
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