Researchers used data from the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array (EOVSA) radio telescope to observe solar
The size of the region in which the acceleration of charged particles occurs exceeds the volume of the Earth. Scientists note that in this place the surrounding plasma of the explosion is converted into high-energy electrons.
Astrophysicists took advantageEOVSA microwave imaging to measure the energy spectrum of electrons at hundreds of locations in an X-class solar flare caused by a reconfiguration of field lines along the Sun's surface on September 10, 2017.
EOVSA spectral images gave usa comprehensive map of the flare's thermal plasma that evolved every second. But to our surprise, we found a mysterious “hole” in the plasma heatmap that began to form at the peak of the flare.
Gelu Nita, New Jersey Institute of Technology research professor and paper co-author
The researchers found that this region is densefilled with non-thermal high-energy particles. The analysis showed an efficient energy conversion process in the solar flare particle accelerator: the intense energy of the Sun's magnetic fields is quickly released and converted into kinetic energy in the "accelerator" region.
Using solar extreme dataultraviolet radiation, the scientists confirmed that there were practically no particles with thermal energies below a few million kelvins left inside the region, which is consistent with the EOVSA measurement, according to which all particles were accelerated to non-thermal energies of more than 20 keV, or almost 100 million K.
Solar flare in thermal (left) and ultraviolet (right) ranges. The area of concentration of accelerated electrons is highlighted in blue.
Astrophysicists believe that the results of this workwill help scientists answer fundamental questions in particle physics that cannot be solved in experiments on Earth, as well as re-evaluate the impact on our planet of high-energy particles from future solar flares.
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