At the Large Hadron Collider found signs of a new form of matter

Theoretical physicists from the Universities of Pittsburgh and Swansea have shown that the experimental results

obtained at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN provide compelling evidence for the existence of a new form of matter.

During the experiments that physicists studied,decay was observed in the collision of heavy particles, which are called lambda B (Λb). In the process of interaction, they form lighter hadrons, such as a proton and a J / ψ meson.

In an article published in the journal PhysicalReview D, physicists have presented a theoretical explanation that takes into account all the observed data and experimental limitations. Scientists believe that the experimental data "converge" only if several pentaquarks, consisting of four quarks and one antiquark, are introduced into the model.

Most of the observable mass of the universe ismade up of particles called quarks that combine to form protons and neutrons. In addition to them, a large number of other particles are known, which are much less stable. All these composite particles are called hadrons.

Traditionally, two groups of hadrons were distinguished:mesons, consisting of a quark and an antiquark, and baryons, particles of three quarks of different colors. Previous tests have shown that other rare particles can also exist, such as tetraquarks, which are made up of two valence quarks and two antiquarks.

Although quantum chromodynamics, which describesconnection of quarks into hadrons, for almost 50 years, it is still quite difficult to understand and interpret, the scientists explain. Scientists have observed many effects that potentially prove the existence of hadrons that go beyond the boundaries of the traditional model of mesons and baryons; their existence has not yet been unambiguously confirmed, the authors add.

Physicists claim that they have succeeded.“There really is no other way to interpret the data — states of pentaquarks must exist,” says Tim Burns, co-author of the study. The explanation of the observed effects requires the existence of several new particles, consisting of four quarks and one antiquark. The study also shows that pentaquarks are on the verge of being observed in other laboratories.

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