Atomic clock experiment confirms gravitational redshift

Einstein's theory of relativity states that a clock located closer to a large body (e.g.

Earth), will go slower than a clock,located further away, for example, in space. This phenomenon, known as gravitational redshift, has previously been confirmed by researchers. In a new scientific paper, scientists have further confirmed the theory by measuring the duration of very tiny atomic clocks, the parts of which are located just one millimeter apart from each other. They note that general relativity should remain true regardless of size or distance.

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In the experiment, the researchers used 100,000strontium atoms, which are first cooled and arranged in a vertical lattice. The scientists then measured the "wiggle" speed of light waves for atoms at the top of the lattice (the ticking of a clock) and compared it to the speed of light waves for atoms below; the difference is exactly the same redshift.

During the measurements, the researchers also contributedamendments to remove other factors that may have affected the ticking of their watch. They found a frequency shift of about one hundredth of a quadrillion percent at a distance of one millimeter - almost exactly what the theory predicted. The researchers then repeated the experiment several times over a period of approximately 90 hours.

In similar work, a team from the Universityof Wisconsin created multiplexed optical lattice clocks and used them to make high-precision differential clock comparisons. She also posted her work on arXiv.

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