Underwater cracks in the ocean floor are called hydrothermal vents. They look like vents
“Around the hydrothermal springs on the seabedhot liquids mix with extremely cold seawater, creating an environment in which the creation of life molecules releases energy, ”says Shock.
When hot liquid comes into contact with icewater, a specific environment is formed that is suitable for the life of small organisms. Shock's previous research has shown that biosynthesis of basic cellular building blocks such as amino acids and sugar is beneficial where the vents are composed of ultramafic rocks (igneous rocks with very low silica content). These rocks produce the most hydrogen.
“Where there is life, there is water.But the water needs to be removed from the system for polymerization to be favorable, Dick said. "There are two opposite flows of energy: the release of energy through the biosynthesis of basic building blocks and the energy required for polymerization."
Polymerization is the process of formation of a high molecular weight substance (polymer) by repeatedly attaching molecules of a low molecular weight substance to active centers in a growing molecule.
After carrying out calculations, scientists have proved that the generalthe synthesis of almost all proteins in the genome releases energy in the mixing zone of the ventilation opening at the temperature at which this organism grows fastest, about 85 ° C. In a ventilation system that produces less hydrogen, protein synthesis is disadvantageous.
“We should never equate the environment in which we live with one that can be livable,” added Shock, “it opens up new opportunities.”
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