This disease is known as SIPE (swimming induced pulmonary edema). SIPE leads to
It is characterized by shortness of breath, low oxygen levels in the blood, expectoration of frothy sputum, extreme fatigue, symptoms of respiratory distress and a feeling of “wet” lungs.
IPE case studies have beenregistered since the 1980s. However, the first published evidence of IPE associated with myocardial (heart muscle) swelling did not appear until 2022. According to a case study, a “healthy woman in her fifties with no previous medical problems” experienced hyperventilation while swimming.
“When I came out of the waterand unbuttoned the wetsuit, she immediately felt her lungs filling with liquid,” the patient reported. She then began coughing up pink, frothy sputum with a metallic taste. Fortunately, rescuers recognized the symptoms of IPE. Later, a chest x-ray confirmed the diagnosis: doctors found fluid in the woman’s lungs. Blood tests and MRI scans confirmed damage to the heart and tissues. At the same time, the patient did not drown while swimming.
When the body makes efforts during timediving, blood is redirected from the peripheral vasculature to the core, increasing chest volume and pressure in the pulmonary vasculature.
The condition is worsened by cold water,overhydration, negative inspiratory pressure, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, high physical activity and concomitant cardiac pathology. However, sudden onset IPE can occur without these factors, according to Stephanie D. Martina of the Divers Alert Network. This syndrome has been reported in warm waters, low dive activity, lower stress levels, varying depths, and in healthy individuals.
Exact pathophysiology of the diseasecurrently unknown. The problem is that IPE is not diagnosed, because often with this pathology people do not survive in open water. Due to lack of data and poor understanding of pathophysiology, there is currently no way to predict susceptibility.
While doctors advise swimming in morego at a slow pace, avoid cold water and wear tight wetsuits, but there is no substantial evidence in the scientific literature to support these recommendations.
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