Researchers at Cornell University have simulated and synthesized lava that can
To compile a catalog, scientists determined the compositionpossible rocky mantles of planets that could have formed around different stars. Then, using thermodynamic modeling, the authors of the work determined the composition of the surface at various melting temperatures.
Scientists have made synthetic lava inlaboratory ovens from materials corresponding to these compositions. After heating to ultra-high temperatures, corresponding to the depths of the planets, the researchers cooled the composition, simulating the ejection of lava during a volcanic eruption. The data obtained shows what will be the materials on the surface of the planet.
One of the artificial examples of a frozen lava surface. Image: Cornell
Scientists have measured the possible spectrum of infraredreflections from such a surface at different stages of cooling (corresponding to the evolution of the planet) and for different types of rocks and planets. The created catalog will help interpret the observational data from the James Webb space telescope.
Different types of materials leave traces in the spectrumradiation of light reflected from them. Based on such spectral characteristics, scientists will be able to determine what type the planet belongs to, how it developed and what it consists of.
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