Found a way to almost completely get rid of errors in quantum computing

Qubit is the smallest unit of information in a quantum computer and the analogue of a bit in a conventional computer, which

Any noise in the system destroys the states of the qubits and leads toto errors.

A logical qubit can hold a quantum state without destruction indefinitely, whereas today in the same cryogenic installation of Google Sycamore, noise destroysThe quantum state of a qubit is already in about 15 μs.

In order to create a reliable and suitable forprogrammable quantum computing logical qubit, you need about 1,000 physical qubits. And, most importantly, physicists have proven that the retention time of the quantum state of a logical qubit grows exponentially with the number of physical qubits per logical qubit.

During the experiment, it turned out that with 11 physical qubits per logical qubit, the probability of a quantum state confinement error after 50 μs was reduced from 40 to 0.2%.

However, it is not yet possible to correct both types of errors at the same time: with random bit reversals and with random phase reversals.

This is planned to be eliminated with the help of so-called surface codes — two-dimensional matrices of logical and physical qubits.Surface codes promise to dramatically reduce the need for physical qubits for error correction. 

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