Qubit is the smallest unit of information in a quantum computer and the analogue of a bit in a conventional computer, which
A logical qubit can hold a quantum state without destruction indefinitely, whereas today in the same cryogenic installation of Google Sycamore, noise destroysThe quantum state of a qubit is already in about 15 μs.
In order to create a reliable and suitable forprogrammable quantum computing logical qubit, you need about 1,000 physical qubits. And, most importantly, physicists have proven that the retention time of the quantum state of a logical qubit grows exponentially with the number of physical qubits per logical qubit.
During the experiment, it turned out that with 11 physical qubits per logical qubit, the probability of a quantum state confinement error after 50 μs was reduced from 40 to 0.2%.
However, it is not yet possible to correct both types of errors at the same time: with random bit reversals and with random phase reversals.
This is planned to be eliminated with the help of so-called surface codes — two-dimensional matrices of logical and physical qubits.Surface codes promise to dramatically reduce the need for physical qubits for error correction.
Read more
Changes in the Earth's orbit contributed to the emergence of complex life on the planet
Nebulae, comets and stellar nurseries: showing the best astrophotography of the year
Coronavirus in a cave: all about Chinese miners who suffered from strange pneumonia in 2012