Clean energy
Andrey Gorbunov,and about. Director of the Sakhalin Climate Center
– Hydrogen
The hydrogen project will be a hallmarkThe Sakhalin Oblast, which defines its identity, is a region of carbon neutrality and clean energy. For example, in the next 10 years on Sakhalin, all power generating facilities will be based on green renewable energy sources, including hydrogen. All transport will run on electricity and hydrogen, including vehicles, railways and air vehicles based on quadcopters and other modern air vehicles. All Russian and world technologies in the field of hydrogen production, its storage and transportation, the creation of efficient autonomous energy systems, as well as green transport, including space transport systems, will also be concentrated here.
Source: eastrussia.ru
The project solves problems in the field of ecology,climate and distributed energy systems. The global task of civilization is to reduce the greenhouse effect, and therefore carbon emissions into the atmosphere. Along the way, we are solving the second problem - the creation of alternative environmental and renewable energy sources.
Hydrogen project on Sakhalin can become the basisa test site for approbation of technologies not only of Russian development, but also of foreign innovations in the field of hydrogen. It can be used to develop technological solutions for storage, transportation and application in the field of energy, transport and other related areas.
Hydrogen test site of Russian Railways on Sakhalin. Source: vgudok.com
For example, an autonomous power plantwill supply a specific village with electricity and heat, and experts will monitor the operation parameters of such an installation. After the test work, a verdict will be issued for each equipment - whether the equipment is effective or not, how reliable, convenient to use, and maintainable it is. Then they can be scaled.
Materials that do not freeze
Alexander Spiridonov,Senior Lecturer of the Chemistry Department of the Institute of Natural Sciences of the NEFU
— The idea of new polymeric materials with controlledand self-organizing properties appeared during the study of data on the properties of materials based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, Teflon and rubber products.
In the relationship "composition-structure-properties"There are regularities in polymer composites; many research teams around the world are working in this direction. The peculiarity of our project is a systematic study of the viscoelastic and thermomechanical properties of composites. These parameters make it possible to judge the frost resistance of materials - the ability to maintain technical characteristics at temperatures below -400 ° C.
The project will help solve development problemspolymer nanocomposites for sealing and antifriction applications. They can seal movable junctions of hydraulic and pneumatic systems of arctic equipment, which will operate at low temperatures and in aggressive environments.
In order for the equipment to work properly in harsh Arctic conditions, special nanocomposites are needed.
buy sealing materials for firefighterssleeves are purchased in central Russia. But at a temperature of -400 °C, they lose their elasticity, it is difficult to connect them to the machine and to each other, they will lose their tightness. We develop materials that increase the reliability and performance of machinery and equipment used in the Arctic and northern regions of Russia.
These materials save direct costs and improverhythm of work of industrial enterprises. Low temperatures will affect work less, capital investments in the production base of the vehicle fleet will decrease, the staff of motor transport enterprises and related investments in housing and household construction will decrease.
Supplements against COVID-19
Boris Kershengolts, Chief Researcher, Institute for Biological Problems of Permafrost, Federal Research Center "Yakutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences"
— The project began with the study of biochemicalcomposition and functional activity of bioactive substances in organisms of wild plants and animals of Yakutia. It turned out that under extreme conditions in their tissues 1.5-2.5 times more bioactive substances of protective and regulatory action are synthesized. The isostructural diversity increases by another 3-5 times - isomers, homologues, derivatives according to the degree of oxidation, this is the molecular basis of the increased adaptive potential. This allows them to survive in extreme conditions, and the tougher they are, the higher the biodiversity at the molecular level.
A lot of substances useful for the body are literally under your feet in the tundra and the Arctic.
Most of these biologically active substances are substancesnon-specific action. For example, they have antioxidant, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, or cytostatic properties. They have a preventive and therapeutic effect on the human body.
Regulatory action in biosystems, includingthe human body, possess not individual biologically active substances, but an ensemble of their structural family. Therefore, it is difficult and expensive to obtain all the components of such a complex synthetically. But it is possible to develop biotechnologies for their intact isolation. Therefore, now we separate biologically active substances by molecular weights using an ultra- and nanofiltration system, process them with low temperatures, carbon dioxide in the state of a supercritical fluid. We use mechanochemical activation and mechano-supramolecular nanobiotechnologies.
So we got several series of biological productsmedical, food, cosmetic, technical purposes from natural bio-raw materials. If the development is introduced into medicine and the food industry, it will increase the standard of living, adaptive potential and, as a result, the quality of life of the population. Especially those who live in extreme climatic conditions. They already affect the food industry, the health of the population of Yakutia, especially in relation to infectious diseases (including tuberculosis, serum hepatitis, COVID-19) and metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis.
If the development is introduced into medicine and the food industry, it will increase the standard of living, adaptive potential and, as a result, the quality of life of the population
These biologics reduce accidents due to"human factor" shift workers in the mining industry in Yakutia, transport. Not being doping, it helps to improve sports results even at the level of national teams and Olympic teams. In the future, they can be used for military personnel, especially those who serve in the Arctic.
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