This vaccine, known as R21, is the first vaccine that can beat the one supplied by the World Health Organization.
Randomized controlled double blindPhase IIb studies were conducted with 450 people aged 5 to 17 months recruited from the Nanoro area, covering 24 villages and an approximate population of 65,000.
In phase 2b —middle stage —In the R21 trial, participants in the higher dose group were 77% less likely to develop malaria at 12 months of follow-up than those who received the rabies vaccine as a control. Those who received a lower dose of vaccine adjuvant were 71% less likely to develop the disease. There were no serious side effects.
The study vaccinated 450 children aged 5 to 17 months in Burkina Faso.
Recombinant Fusion Protein Vaccinecombined antigen signaling to the immune system with Novavax Matrix-M adjuvant to increase efficacy. Novavax also uses an adjuvant in its COVID-19 vaccine, which was 89% effective in the third phase of the study.
Adrian Hill, Director of the Oxford InstituteJenner, who helped develop the Oxford / AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine, co-authored a draft document outlining the R21 test data. He said the results confirmed his "high expectations" for the vaccine.
Malaria causes over 400,000 deaths a year, mostly among children in Africa. In 2019, there were about 229 million clinical cases of the disease.
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An adjuvant is a compound or complex of substances used to enhance the immune response when administered concurrently with an immunogen.