Not just Orwell. Five technologies that came to our world straight from dystopias

AI writer from 1984 

"This melody haunted London for several weeks. Delivered similar songs

for the proles department of music. Without human intervention, the words were assembled on a machine called a versifier.” 

George Orwell lived in the first half of the 20th century, butThe idea he formulated for a device for automatically generating songs became a reality in the next century. Artificial intelligence is not a “machine” from an already immortal book, but today it can already perform functions related to the generation of various works. 

And if everyone knows about the sensational DALL E2 neural network that generates photorealistic images, then the abilities of algorithms in “composing” music have not yet been appreciated.

For example, the Aiva neural network, capable of on-the-flygenerate compositions that are not embarrassing to put in the background. Soft rock, neoclassical and any other genres easily lend themselves to algorithms. And it’s only a matter of time before any of the generated tracks top the charts. After all, there are more and more solutions that can generate music. 

Test tube people  

“Heredity, date of fertilization, groupBokanovsky - all this information is transferred from the test tube to the bottle. Now no longer nameless, but certified, the bottles continue their slow route and, through a window in the wall, slowly and steadily enter the Hall of Social Predestination.” 

Brave New World foresaw manypractices that are familiar to us today, but if flying cars are no longer perceived as something special, then the purposeful cultivation of people still looks fresh. With just one amendment: this is not entirely fantasy. 

Firstly, there is already an analogue of the “bottle” for growing - in the form of an artificial uterus created in the USA.  

And secondly, even if human cloningno one has decided (at least officially), then experiments with gene editing are more than common. And yes, if the story of the statement of Chinese scientists about the creation of children with immunity to HIV raised questions from a number of experts, the very idea of ​​such an intervention is still alive.  

So much so that conversations about the ethics of creating “designer babies” are heard more and more often. 

Forensic Oracle from Minority Report 

“The existence of a majority logically presupposes the existence of a minority.” 

In the cult novel by Philip K. Dick, the struggle forthe tranquility of society became the prerogative of mutant clairvoyants who predicted the place and time of the crime. There are problems with mutants in the real world, and artificial intelligence, which has already appeared on this list, is always at hand. 

Shot from the film "Minority Report"

One of these solutions is an algorithm from scientists fromUniversity of Chicago, who have developed a system that can predict when and where a crime will occur.  The neural network was “trained” on open data about the places and times of crimes committed in 2014–2016 in Chicago.  

The accuracy of the system is 90%, and the “prediction” is made several weeks before the commission of a criminal act. 

Superbrain inspired by "Nuclear Manipulator" 

“There was a Chinese YAM, and a Russian YAM, and an American one,and everything went well until they occupied the entire planet, adding more and more cells to the machine, but one fine day YAM woke up, realized his «I» and united himself into one whole.”  

A work by Harlan Ellison, known in Russiaentitled “I Have No Mouth, But I Want to Scream” is not so much a dystopia as a parable about a post-apocalyptic world in which the few surviving inhabitants of the planet find themselves in the hands of an omnipotent AI - a nuclear manipulator. And these are not just algorithms, as in previous works, but AGI is actually a full-fledged artificial intelligence, self-aware and capable of thinking. And, as the book showed, to hatred of humanity. According to the plot, the manipulator was created as a military machine, and military AI, although not as powerful, is being developed today. 

For example, the US Space Force is already beginning to use robot dogs to guard facilities. Moreover, according to experts, AI robots can completely displace humans from the battlefield. 

"Zamyatinskaya" transparency  

"To the right and to the left through the glass walls I seeas if himself, his room, his dress, his movements - repeated a thousand times. It’s invigorating: you see yourself as part of a huge, powerful, unified one. And such precise beauty: not a single extra gesture, bend, or turn.” 

The cult work of Yevgeny Zamyatin “We”proposed a vision of the future in which human life was subordinated to society to such an extent that the idea of ​​transparency was elevated to an absolute. And if today there is no need to talk about the massive influx of glass walls in homes, then social networks, in which users provide virtually all information about themselves, can cope with their role quite well. 

This leads not only to the lack“privacy”, but becomes the basis for openly negative practices, for example, stalking. In the USA, for example, up to 40% of users encounter similar “side effects” of openness. If you add to this the regular leaks of databases, personal correspondence and videos from surveillance cameras or doorbells, the question of what is more transparent - walls or online life - becomes not so simple. 

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