The quantum algorithm they developed takes into account the complexity of parton showers, which represent
The new approach combines quantum and classicalcomputation: it uses a quantum solution only for the part of particle collisions that cannot be solved by classical computation, and uses classical computation to solve all other aspects of particle collisions.
The researchers built the so-called toymodel is a simplified theory that can be run on a real quantum computer, but at the same time it will have a rather complex nature that does not allow it to be modeled using classical methods.
“The quantum algorithm calculates all possibleresults simultaneously and then selects one. As the data becomes more and more accurate, our theoretical predictions should become so too. And at some point, these quantum effects become large enough that they actually matter and need to be taken into account.”
Christian Bauer, head of the theoretical group and principal investigator of quantum computing at Berkeley Lab
When building your quantum algorithmThe researchers took into account the various particle processes and outcomes that can occur in a parton shower, taking into account the state of the particle, the history of particle emission, whether emissions have occurred before, and the number of particles produced in the shower, including separate counts for bosons and for two types of fermions. The quantum computer computed these stories simultaneously and summed up all possible stories at each intermediate stage.
The research team used a microcircuitIBM Q Johannesburg is a 20-qubit quantum computer. Each qubit or quantum bit can represent zero, one, and a so-called superposition state, in which it represents both zero and one at the same time. This superposition makes qubits uniquely powerful when compared to standard computational bits, which can represent zero or one.
Researchers have built a four-stage schemea quantum computer using five qubits, and the algorithm requires 48 operations. The researchers noted that the reason for the differences in results with the quantum simulator is most likely due to noise in the quantum computer.
While the pioneering efforts of the application teamquantum computing to a simplified piece of particle collider data is promising, the researchers do not promise that quantum computers will have a big impact on the field of high energy physics for several years, at least until the hardware improves. As the hardware improves, the quantum algorithm can account for more types of bosons and fermions, which will increase its accuracy.
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