The authors of a new study have suggested that the universe may actually have a giant donut's head start.
Astronomers have measured the topology of the Universe in several ways. All data indicate that it is geometrically flat and has a simple expanded topology.
But the authors of the study published in the databasedata from arXiv preprints suggested that past measurements were limited. In particular, observations suggest that the Universe wraps around itself in only one dimension. In addition, it does not have a more complex topology. Also, observations of the cosmic microwave background radiation have revealed some strange, inexplicable anomalies - the appearance of large patterns where they should not be.
As part of a new study, scientistsexplored the cosmic microwave background—light emitted when space was only 380,000 years old. It is now more than 42 billion light years away and is characterized by tiny fluctuations in temperature. Astronomers calculated the predicted size of these oscillations by comparing them to observations, and they were different. This means that those rays of light that came out in parallel from the beginning of time changed direction in space-time. This means that the geometry of the Universe is curved.
But the same measurements showed that ifIgnoring small-scale deviations from galaxies and black holes, the overall geometry of the Universe is flat. In fact, a Universe with a complex topology could explain at least some of the CMB anomalies.
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Cover image courtesy of the ESA/HFI/LFI consortium
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