Quantum computers use qubits to store information and perform primitive computing.
Thanks to this, quantum computers can process large amounts of information many times faster than conventional ones—even if they are supercomputers with enormous computing power.
The problem of monitoring the state of millions of qubits -one of the biggest obstacles to building fully-fledged universal quantum computers. We have been thinking about solving this problem for many years and therefore were extremely pleased that we were able to take a big step towards this goal.
Andrew Dzurak, Professor, University of New South Wales
To work with each qubit you need individualmicrowave emitters and receivers that read and change the quantum state of memory cells. They take up a lot of space and interfere with the operation of neighboring qubits, which limits their maximum number and density.
In order to get around this difficulty, you canuse magnetic fields and make qubits interact with them: so, theoretically, it will be possible to control millions of quantum memory cells, but for this it is necessary to learn how to concentrate this field in separate regions of the chip.
This can be done if you create a magnetic field withoutdirectly, but using a special device that scientists call a “three-dimensional dielectric resonator.” It is a crystal of potassium, thallium and oxygen that absorbs incoming microwave pulses and turns them into focused oscillations of a magnetic field.
With it you can control fourmillions of qubits. This number of cells should be enough to create a universal computer that itself will correct errors in operation.
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