Scientists from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics presented the results of a large-scale study
Pantheon+ is based on the largest data set.For their study, scientists collected data from more than 1.5 thousand stellar supernova explosions of the la type. Such bright cosmic events occur when white dwarfs, the remnants of stars like our Sun, accumulate too much mass. After overcoming the critical limit on such stars, a thermonuclear reaction is launched, which leads to an explosion.
Because Type Ia supernovae dwarf entiregalaxies, explosions of stars can be seen at a distance exceeding 10 billion light years. This is about three-quarters of the total age of the universe. Explosions of this type shine with almost the same intrinsic brightness, so the apparent brightness depends only on distance and, together with the measurement of redshift, can serve as a marker of time and space.
La type supernova explosion. Animation: ESO
The new analysis is based on a previous study −"Pantheon", but to the thousand explosions that were analyzed then, the researchers added more than 500 objects. The results show that 66.2% of the universe is dark energy, and the remaining 33.8% is a combination of dark and ordinary (baryonic) matter.
In addition, by combining the results of their work withdata obtained by the SH0ES collaboration, scientists obtained the value of the Hubble constant, which describes the expansion rate of the universe, equal to 73.4 km / s per megaparsec with an error of only 1.3%. In other words, space expands by 73.4 km/s for every 3.26 million light-years.
The authors of the paper note that the obtained results are in full agreement with the predictions of the Standard Cosmological Model (ΛCDM model).
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